20th Century Art Movements

Fauvism

Fauvism is the style of les Fauves, a group of early twentieth-century Modern artists whose works emphasized painterly qualities and strong color over the representational or realistic values retained by Impressionism. While Fauvism as a style began around 1900 and continued beyond 1910, the movement as such lasted only a few years, 1904–1908. The leaders of the movement were Henri Matisse and André Derain. Fauvism can use a realistic style mixed with bright colours to create an out of the ordinary image, or an impressionist style mixed with bright colours.

Futurism

Futurism was an artistic and social movement that originated in Italy in the early 20th century. It emphasized and glorified themes associated with contemporary concepts of the future, including speed, technology, youth and violence, and objects such as the car, the aeroplane and the industrial city. The Futurists practiced in every medium of art, including painting, sculpture, ceramics,graphic design, industrial design, interior design, urban design, theatre, film, fashion,textiles, literature, music, architecture and even gastronomy. Key artists of futurism are Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Umberto Boccioni, Carlo Carrà, Gino Severini, Bruno Munari and Luigi Russolo, Velimir Khlebnikov, Igor Severyanin, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Almada Negreiros, and many more. Its members aimed to liberate Italy from the weight of its past, to glorify modernity. Futurism influenced art movements such as Art Deco, Constructivism, Surrealism, Dada, and to a greater degree, Precisionism, Rayonism, and Vorticism.

 

Bauhaus

The Bauhaus was founded in Weimar, Germany in 1919 by an architect called Walter Gropius who aimed to  bridge the gap between art, design and industry and unifying all three.  It was a school where students received theoretical and practical training in all of the fine arts; ceramics, murals, stained glass, typography, metalwork, book binding, stone sculpture and furniture making, and learned to combine these fine art skills with new technologies to design and manufacture products that were both beautiful and practical. Its aim had been to bring artists and craftspeople together to ensure the survival of beautiful craftsmanship in the face of mechanized labour. Key figures in the Bauhaus movement include Anni Albers, Josef Albers, Herbert Bayer, Max Bill, Marianne Brandt, Marcel Breuer and Walter Gropius.